Knowledge → Material Selection

SPCC vs SGCC:
Which Steel Grade
for Your Part?

SPCC and SGCC are the two most common steel grades used in industrial sheet metal fabrication. Choosing the wrong one affects corrosion resistance, weld quality, coating adhesion, and part cost. This guide covers the key differences and how to decide.

What SPCC and SGCC Actually Are

Both grades are defined under JIS (Japanese Industrial Standards), which are widely adopted across Vietnamese and Asian manufacturing.

SPCC

Steel Plate Cold Commercial — Cold-rolled, uncoated mild steel. The surface is clean and smooth from the cold rolling process. No protective zinc coating.

SGCC

Steel Galvanized Cold Commercial — Cold-rolled steel with a hot-dip galvanized zinc coating applied after rolling. The zinc layer provides corrosion protection before any additional surface treatment.

Side-by-Side Comparison

Property SPCC SGCC
Base material Cold-rolled steel Cold-rolled steel + zinc coating
Zinc coating None Z12–Z27 (120–275 g/m²)
Corrosion resistance (bare) Low — rusts quickly without coating Good — zinc sacrificial protection
Surface finish Smooth, matte grey Spangle pattern or zero-spangle
Powder coat adhesion Excellent after phosphate pre-treatment Good — zinc surface requires correct pre-treatment
Weldability (MIG/TIG) Excellent Moderate — zinc fumes require ventilation; porosity risk
Laser cutting Clean edge, no spatter issues Acceptable — zinc vapour affects edge quality at higher speeds
Bending Good springback behaviour Slight coating delamination risk at tight bend radii
Material cost Lower Higher (zinc processing cost)
Typical thickness range 0.4 – 3.2 mm 0.4 – 2.3 mm

Corrosion Resistance in Detail

SGCC provides corrosion resistance through two mechanisms: the zinc coating acts as a physical barrier, and when the coating is scratched, zinc sacrificially corrodes to protect the underlying steel. This makes SGCC significantly more durable in humid, outdoor, or salt-air environments.

SPCC with powder coating can match SGCC in corrosion resistance for most indoor applications — provided the phosphate pre-treatment is done correctly and the coating film thickness is adequate (≥60 μm). For outdoor or high-humidity environments, SGCC with powder coat provides a more reliable long-term result because the zinc layer remains active even if the coating is chipped.

Welding Considerations

This is the most common area where SGCC causes problems in production. The zinc coating burns off during welding and produces zinc oxide fumes, which create two issues:

  • Porosity in the weld bead, reducing joint strength
  • Health hazard — requires adequate fume extraction

For assemblies with significant welding (enclosures, frames, brackets with many weld points), SPCC followed by powder coating is usually the better production choice. SGCC is preferred when welding is minimal or where bare-metal corrosion protection at cut edges is needed.

Powder Coating on SGCC vs SPCC

Both grades accept powder coating well, but the pre-treatment chemistry differs. SPCC typically goes through an iron phosphate or zinc phosphate bath. SGCC requires a chromate or non-chrome passivation step to prepare the zinc surface for paint adhesion.

At Vu Trinh, our 5-stage pre-treatment line handles both SPCC and SGCC correctly. However, mixing both grades in a single batch requires attention to the passivation stage — something that should be confirmed with your fabricator before ordering.

When to Use Each Grade

Use Case Recommended Grade Reason
Indoor enclosures, cabinets SPCC + powder coat Lower cost, excellent coating result
Outdoor equipment housings SGCC + powder coat Zinc layer protects cut edges and chips
Heavy-weld assemblies SPCC No zinc fume, cleaner weld bead
Light-gauge structural parts (no coating) SGCC Bare corrosion resistance during transit/storage
Parts with tight bend radii (<1t) SPCC No risk of coating delamination at bend
Cost-sensitive high volume (indoor) SPCC Material cost advantage at scale

How to Specify on Your Drawing

When specifying steel grade on a technical drawing, use the JIS designation with coating weight where applicable:

  • SPCC-SD — standard surface, dull finish (most common for powder coating)
  • SGCC Z18 — galvanized, 180 g/m² zinc (general industrial)
  • SGCC Z27 — galvanized, 275 g/m² zinc (higher corrosion resistance)

If you are unsure which grade is appropriate for your application, include it as a question in your RFQ. Our engineering team reviews drawings before quoting and will flag if a grade substitution would reduce cost or improve performance.

Send Your Drawing for DFM Review

Not sure which material to specify? Upload your drawing and our engineering team will review it and recommend the right grade before quoting.